Last Updated on January 14, 2025 by John Berry
Ground wave path loss
Ground wave propagation is complex! The ground wave comprises three parts – a direct wave between transmitter and receiver, a reflected wave from the ground between the terminals, and a surface wave. The ground wave path loss, Lb is given by: Lb = 142+20logf -E. Here’s how it’s used.
Ground conductivity and relative permittivity
Ground wave propagation in the frequency range 10kHz to about 30MHz depends a lot on the characteristics of the ground and sea between the stations. Ground and sea are defined by their electrical permittivity, ε, and electrical conductivity, σ. Here’s how they are presented on atlases.